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Map c.1838
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In 1248 this was the main route from the town, being the Bristol to Cirencester road. The name of Gumstool Hill probably comes from the Middle age punishment of ducking people who were a bit of a gossip or scold, (in Middle age speak 'gummy'). There was a pond at the bottom of the hill, which was probably used for this punishment. This form of treatment, mainly of women, began in the fifteenth century. A ducking stool was used in 1502. It is the earliest recorded street in Tetbury and was Cirencester Street in the early thirteenth century. It has also been known as Union Street and Cicester Street.
The survey of 1594 shows a row of nine houses on the north west side of the street that belonged to Queen Elizabeth I. These are in all probability the ones from The Crown downwards.
In the C16th the houses at the bottom led to open fields. The pool at the bottom is known as Horsepool Bottom.
The Angel was in trade on Gumstool Street before 1693, the date on the stone above the former carriage entrance, which reads 'MV1693'. The building was rebuilt in this period and a shoe was found in the fabric of the building, which
has been dated from c.1670. This is on display in the bar. The building is gabled and located at the top end of the street, and is now known as The Crown.
On the same side of the street as The Crown was a tavern called the Catherine Wheel, which was recorded as early as 1459. The Queens Arms was in business between 1668-1760, but closed to become stables for a house on The Chipping. The Horseshoe, which adjoined the little market house became The Mitre before 1719. The Prince and Princess opened in 1766. The Royal Oak, at the bottom of the hill opened in 1718 and is still in trade today.
At the entrance to the street a small island of buildings included a forge, an inn and a small market house.
Walking down the hill there are many small houses of the C17th and C18th. Number 22 is part of the C18th terrace. This has a block Tudor arched doorway exactly in line with the passageway of No. 15 The Chipping.
Kingsley House was the workhouse, built in 1790 by George Hopkins. It was rebuilt in 1905-06 largely by V.A. Lawson.
At the bottom of the hill a small ornate house built in 1741, called Delburn House. This is an ashlarfaced building of two storeys plus attic, the windows have moulded architraves.
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Three old views of Gumstool Hill - the top dates c.1907, to the left shows a busy market day around the early C20th, and the bottom one virtually the same scene, but much quieter with no market taking place. Below is the same scene taken in 2008
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PROPERTY OWNERS IN 1860:
BENNETT, ISAAC [Cottage]; BROWN, FRANCIS [2 cottages]; CLARK, GEO ['Malt House', 2 houses, 3 cottages];
COLE, G B [2 houses, 5 cottages]; COX, JAMES [house]; FRY, ESTHER [4 cottages]; FRY, J [4 cottages];
HARRIS, ANN [house]; LEACY, THOMAS [3 cottages]; MESSERS HOLBOROW & HATHERALL [cottage];
NEEMES, TIMOTHY [3 cottages]; PONTING, WM [2 cottages]; PURNELL, EDWARD [5 cottages];
SAUNDERS, THOMAS [cottage]; SEALY, JOHN [1 house, 2 cottages]; SEALY, SARAH [cottage, Crown Inn];
SMITH, DAN W [cottage]; WICKHAM, JOHN C [house etc]
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FAMILY NAMES & ONE TIME RESIDENTS:
AGG; ALSOP 1841; ASHBEE 1901; BABB; BANKS 1901; BARNFIELD 1860; BARRETT 1860; BAYLISS; BEER 1860; BENNETT 1860, 1901; BIGWOOD 1901; BISHOP 1860; BROWN 1860, 1901; BROWNING 1860; BULL 1901, BUNTING 1860; BYE 1901; CLARK 1860; CLEAVER 1841, 1860, 1891; CLEVERLY; COLE 1860; CONSTABLE 1841; COOK; COOLING; COVE; COX 1851, 1860; CRAWFORD; CREW; CULL 1860, 1901; DEE 1860; DYER 1901; FREEMAN; FRY 1851, 1860; GARRAWAY; GREENMAN 1860, 1861; HALL 1841, 1901; HUSSEY 1901; LEACY 1841, 1851, 1860; LOCK 1860, 1901; LUDLOW 1860, 1861, 1871, 1881, 1891, 1901; MANN 1901; MAYSEY 1860, 1861, 1871, 1881, 1891; MORGAN 1861; MUSTOE 1901; NORGROVE 1861; ORUM 1881; PALMER 1861; PARKER 1860; PARSONS 1860; PEGLAR 1860; PRICE 1861; RODWAY 1860; RUSSELL; SEALY 1860; SHORT 1860, 1861; SKATE 1860; SLADE 1881; STRANGE 1860; TANNER 1871; TOPPS 1860; TRINDER 1860; VANSTONE 1841; WALL 1841, 1860; WARN 1871; WEEKES 1860; WHITE 1851, 1871 1901; WICKHAM 1860, 1861, 1871; WILLIAMS 1860; WOOD 1901.
[not complete]
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SOURCES & RESOURCES:
VCH Gloucestershire Vol 11 available online
TETBURY POOR RATES P328a
GLOUCESTERSHIRE ARCHIVES:
Cotswold Collotype Co Ltd, Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire Tetbury
ref. D4140/GPS/328/15 - date: [c1910]
View of town from Cottage Hospital [Gumstool Hill]
ref. D4140/GPS/328/16 - date: [c1910]
Union Workhouse on Gumstool Hill [rebuilt 1905-06 and later became Cotswold Hospital]
ref. D4140/GPS/328/34 - date: [c1910]
Union Street [? Also known as Gumstool Hill], with Hussey plumbers, gas lamps, adverts for West of England Sack Hiring Co, and Rowntree's cocoa
Cirencester Methodist Circuit
CHAPEL RECORDS - ref. D3931/2 Tetbury (Long Street) [Wesleyan]
Sale of disused Primitive Methodist chapel, Gumstool Hill - ref. D3931/2/15/8 - date: 1945
TETBURY RURAL SANITARY AUTHORITY and RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL
Catalogue Ref. DA 36
SURVEYOR Tetbury Rural District Council Building Applications and Plans
Building control applications and plans 1936-1949
ref. DA 36/710/2/251 - date: 04.10.1946
Sewer connection, drainage and W.C., The Chapel, Gumstool Hill (plans); owner: P. Harding; agent: R. G. Cox
English Heritage 'Images of England' website pages:
no 1
no 2-6
no 8
no 14-16
no 18
no 20
no 22
no 24
no 26
no 28
Delburn House
Crown Inn
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